Executive summary
Latin America has no single regional regulatory regime. Each country has its own drug regulatory authority, although PAHO/WHO's PANDRH network promotes harmonisation. Most jurisdictions require marketing authorisation for peptide medicines. Compounding (manipulação / magistral preparation) is permitted within defined legal boundaries but the use of unauthorised peptide bulk substances is generally not allowed.
Authorities and legal categories
PAHO / PANDRH (Pan American Network for Drug Regulatory Harmonisation): promotes convergence of regulatory requirements. A 2025 MOU with AEMPS (Spain) supports interagency exchange. The Pacific Alliance Agreement (Mexico, Colombia, Chile, Peru) facilitates regulatory cooperation but does not create a single regime.
National authorities: see dedicated pages for Brazil (ANVISA), Mexico (COFEPRIS), and Argentina/Colombia/Chile (ANMAT, INVIMA, ISP).
- PAHO, WHO, and PANDRH support coordination and convergence.
- ANVISA, COFEPRIS, ANMAT, INVIMA, and ISP remain national authorities.
- Each authority connects to a national product register and enforcement system.
- Coordination does not equal shared market authorization.
Common themes
Marketing authorisation: the jurisdictions covered by the linked country pages generally require registration before commercial sale of a peptide medicine, subject to national exceptions. Approved products include Expansion of the abbreviation used in the monographs: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. The atlas does not define the pharmacology of this class; see the monograph for what is documented about a specific compound. 定义来源: Neutral gloss; the abbreviation is printed on the tirzepatide monograph but the atlas does not define the class pharmacology · 术语表, insulins, GnRH analogues, and somatostatin analogues.
Compounding: several reviewed countries allow pharmacy compounding for individual patients, but require: (a) a valid prescription; (b) use of approved or pharmacopoeial raw materials; (c) the product not be a copy of an approved commercial drug.
Research-use-only: in the jurisdictions reviewed, RUO wording was not identified as a safe harbour when surrounding facts show human-use marketing.
Import: commercial import generally requires national authorization. Personal-use, clinical-trial and named-patient pathways vary by country and must be checked in the current national rules.
Enforcement: uneven across the region. Brazil and Mexico have the most active enforcement programmes; the ANMAT (Argentina) and INVIMA (Colombia) have issued alerts against falsified and unapproved peptide products.
National authority directory
| Authority | Country | Dedicated atlas page |
|---|---|---|
| ANVISA | Brazil | Brazil peptide regulation |
| COFEPRIS | Mexico | Mexico peptide regulation |
| ANMAT | Argentina | Argentina, Colombia, and Chile |
| INVIMA | Colombia | Argentina, Colombia, and Chile |
| ISP | Chile | Argentina, Colombia, and Chile |
Enforcement trends
| Country | Action | Year | Type of record | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 11 inspections, 8 interdictions, 10 import bans (Q1 2026) | 2026 | Authority enforcement report | ANVISA |
| Colombia | INVIMA Alerta 95-2026 on aesthetic use of tirzepatida | 2026 | Product/conduct alert | INVIMA |
| Mexico | COFEPRIS April 2026 alert on social-media peptide promotion | 2026 | Promotion alert | COFEPRIS |
| Argentina | ANMAT Disposición 5842/2025 — falsified Ozempic, criminal referral | 2025 | Product-specific disposition and referral | ANMAT |
| Brazil | ANVISA ban on semaglutida compounding from bulk RUO ingredients | 2025 | Compounding rule/action | ANVISA |
| Brazil | ANVISA RDC 973/2025 — prescription retention for GLP-1 class | 2025 | Operative rule | ANVISA |
| Chile | ISP treats semaglutide as biological (unique classification) | 2025 | National classification record | ISP |
Sport/anti-doping overlay
The World Anti-Doping Agency; its Prohibited List classifies many peptides as prohibited substances in sport. 定义来源: WADA and sport regulation brief · 术语表 Prohibited List WADA Prohibited List class S2 (peptide hormones, growth factors, related substances and mimetics): prohibited at all times, with subsections of materially different scope. 定义来源: WADA and sport regulation brief · 术语表 applies through national anti-doping organisations in each country. Enforcement capacity varies significantly.
Practical interpretation limits
This is general regulatory research, not legal advice. Classification can turn on composition, claims, intended use, route, supplier role, and facts not captured by a product name.
Related atlas pages: Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, and Chile, global framework, and WADA and sport.
Primary sources
PAHO — PANDRH. https://www.paho.org/en/pan-american-network-drug-regulatory-harmonization-pandrh
ANVISA. https://www.gov.br/anvisa
COFEPRIS. https://www.gob.mx/cofepris
INVIMA. https://www.invima.gov.co
ISP Chile. https://www.ispch.cl